Islamic
law has been developed through evolution under different stages. The stages are
five in number. Now we will discuss the five stage or periods of Islamic
development.
___________________________________________
First period:
The
first period extend from 1. A.H. (622 A.D) to 10 A.H. (632 A.D), i.e. the last
ten years of the Prophets life. This is the most important period because Quran
and Hadith are concerned with this period. At this period, most of the legal
verses of the Quran were revealed and this period is related to most important
judicial decisions and traditions of the Prophet. The Prophet used the guidance of human
beings. All the problems were solved by the Quran and Sunnah during this
period. The first period of evolution of Islamic law came to an end with the
demise of the Prophet.
Second Period:
The
second preoid extends from the date the demise of the Prophet (632 A.D) and
lasted for about a century. Two significant works were performed during this
second period –
a.
Collection of Quran and Hadith.
b.
Study of law as a science.
At
the beginning of this period, Hazrat abu Bakar ® were selected as head of the state. The third
caliph of Islam Hazrat Usman ® collected and edited Quran with the help of Zaid
who was a companion of Prophet. During this period Hadith which is the second
sources of Islamic law was complied in book. Hadith was discussed at the
Medina, Damascus and at Kufa. Four caliphs administered the country from 10 A.H
to 40 A.H during this period. The second period came to an end in 132 A.H.
